In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, China's President Xi Jinping and Kyrgyzstan's President Sadyr Japarov interact during a SCO+ format meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Kyrgyzstan's President Sadyr Japarov attends a SCO+ format meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Belarus' President Alexander Lukashenko attends a SCO+ format meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

Security measures are pictured ahead an informal meeting of EU defence ministers (FAC Defence), at Druids Glen in Wicklow, south of Dublin, Ireland, on September 1, 2026. EU defence and foreign ministers gathering in Ireland from September 1 will grapple with bolstering Ukraine's air defences amid growing worries over Russia's campaign to destabilise Kyiv's European backers. (Photo by Paul Faith / AFP via Getty Images)

Security measures are pictured ahead an informal meeting of EU defence ministers (FAC Defence), at Druids Glen in Wicklow, south of Dublin, Ireland, on September 1, 2026. EU defence and foreign ministers gathering in Ireland from September 1 will grapple with bolstering Ukraine's air defences amid growing worries over Russia's campaign to destabilise Kyiv's European backers. (Photo by Paul Faith / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdogan attends a SCO+ format meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)

Security measures are pictured ahead an informal meeting of EU defence ministers (FAC Defence), at Druids Glen in Wicklow, south of Dublin, Ireland, on September 1, 2026. EU defence and foreign ministers gathering in Ireland from September 1 will grapple with bolstering Ukraine's air defences amid growing worries over Russia's campaign to destabilise Kyiv's European backers. (Photo by Paul Faith / AFP via Getty Images)

In this pool photograph distributed by the Russian state agency Sputnik, China's President Xi Jinping attends a SCO+ format meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1, 2026. (Photo by Vyacheslav PROKOFYEV / POOL / AFP via Getty Images)